Product name: Chloral

Synonyms: Chloral; Chloral aldehyde; Chloral aldehyde, chloral hydrate; Chloral (≥70%); Anhydrous Chloral; Chloral aldehyde anhydrous; Chloral; Cold (Chloro)

CAS RN: 75-87-6

Molecular formula: C 2 HCl 3 O

Molecular weight: 147.39

EINECS NO.: 200-911-5

Related Categories: Pesticide Intermediates; Insecticide Intermediates; Organophosphorus Insecticides; API Intermediate

Mol file: 75-87-6.mol

Property

Melting point: -57.5 °C

Boiling point: 94-98 °C

Density: 1.51 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)

Refractive index: n20/D 1.456

Flash point: 75 °C

Storage conditions: 2-8 °C

Water solubility: Soluble

Merck: 13,9699

Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

CAS Database: 75-87-6 (CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemical Information: Acetaldehyde, trichloro-(75-87-6)

EPA chemical information: Acetaldehyde, trichloro-(75-87-6)

Physical and chemical properties: Chloral is also known as chloral. In 1832, Justus Liebig was first chlorinated from anhydrous ethanol. This product is a colorless oily liquid. Has a strong spicy pungent odor. The relative molecular mass is 147.39. Relative to Density 1.5121. Melting point -57.5 °C. Boiling point 97.8 °C. The refractive index is 1.4557. Soluble in water, ethanol and ether. There are three electron-extracting chlorines in the Chloral molecule, which makes the aldehyde group more active. Multiple reactions can occur. When dissolved in water, it forms a monohydrate of Chloral. When dissolved in ethanol, it forms an alcoholic complex. Acetal). In the presence of light and sulfuric acid, it can be polymerized to form a white solid trimer, commonly known as "metachloral". An adduct is formed with ammonia, hydroxylamine, amide and nitrile which is slowly converted to hydrazine at room temperature. It reacts with a base (sodium hydroxide or potassium) to decompose to form chloroform and formate. It reacts with concentrated nitric acid to form trichloroacetic acid. Reacts with sodium polysulfide. A crystalline substance is formed. Reacts with chlorine to form acetyl chloride. To prevent polymerization, 0.02% to 0.05% hydroquinone can be added as an antioxidant during storage. Chloral is highly toxic, highly irritating, corrosive and narcotic. Excessive inhalation can lead to deep anesthesia, neurological disorders, and even death. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with LD50550mg/kg. The maximum allowable concentration in the workplace is 1×10-6.

Hydrated Chloral: Hydrated Chloral is referred to as chloral hydrate. Colorless transparent crystal. Has a special smell. Molecular formula CCl3CH(OH)2. Slightly volatilized in the air. The proportion is 1.9081. Boiling point97.5. Melting point 51.7 °C. Heating to the Boiling point breaks down into Chloral and water. Soluble in water, ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in benzene and carbon disulfide. The aqueous solution reacts acidicly with the litmus reagent. Used in pharmaceuticals, trichloroacetic acid, etc. Medically used as a sedative, hypnotic and analgesic. The acute oral toxicity dose for adults is 4-5g or about 10g; the minimum lethal dose for adults is about 7g; the average lethal dose is about 10g. Chloral hydrate is easily absorbed and can occur in cerebrospinal fluid, milk, amniotic fluid and fetal blood. In the body, most of the body is reduced to trichloroethanol, which has stronger central inhibition. Trichloroethanol quickly loses toxicity by binding to glucuronic acid and is excreted by the kidneys. Oral administration can cause severe gastrointestinal irritation, and the gastric mucosa corrodes and hemorrhagic gastritis occurs. Inhalation of high concentrations of vapor can cause pharyngitis, bronchitis, inhibition of the respiratory center leading to respiratory center failure, respiratory muscle paralysis. Due to the obvious vasodilator effect, blood pressure can drop, body temperature decreases, shock, syncope and arrhythmia. Clinical manifestations such as dilated pupils and liver and kidney damage can also be seen. Chronic poisoning can occur erythematous urticaria or purpura-like rash, conjunctivitis, tearing, eyelid edema, photophobia, visual impairment; and headache, joint pain, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea and other manifestations. Oral acute poisoning can be washed with warm water or 1: 2,000 to 1: 5,000 potassium permanganate. Patients with rectal drug poisoning should promptly wash the intestines, catharsis and symptomatic treatment to prevent heart failure, respiratory failure and shock.

Dangerous conditions: Ingestion is toxic, corrosive and narcotic. It can cause burns when in contact with the skin. Exposure to the eyes can enlarge the pupils. Excessive inhalation can cause suffocation if it is severe.

Harmful effects and symptoms of poisoning: No specific information on the pharmacokinetic properties, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenesis and other reproductive effects of Chloral is found in the literature. The pharmacokinetic properties of Chloral are similar to the pharmacokinetic properties of chlorinated Chlorate metabolized to trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid, and major urinary (probably bile) excretion is observed. Skin cancer occurred in 4 out of 20 mice exposed to hydrated Chloral.
No information on the chronic or acute effects of Chlor on humans has been found in the literature. Test animals showed chronic effects in exposure to Chlor, including decreased renal function and serum transaminase activity, altered central nervous system function, decreased liver antitoxin and enzyme synthesis, and altered peripheral blood morphological features. Slower growth rates, increased leukocytosis, and changes in arterial blood pressure were also observed.
Alcohol synergistically enhances the inhibition of this compound. It has been reported that hydration of Chloral addiction is caused by the abuse of this compound.

First Aid: When the chemical comes into contact with the human body, rinse it with plenty of water and send it to the hospital for treatment.

Protective measures: The equipment should be ventilated and treated with exhaust gas. Workers should wear rubber gloves and protective clothing during operation.

Storage: Store in plastic drums or metal drums or ceramic jars lined with anti-corrosion coating. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, antifreeze, heat, and water.

Transportation requirements: Class 1 organic acid corrosion items. Dangerous code number: 92008. It can be transported by pipeline or train or car.

Suggested disposal methods: Chloral is mixed with other flammable fuels and burned. Care must be taken to ensure complete combustion to prevent phosgene generation; in order to remove the hydrohalic acid produced, it is necessary to prepare an acid scrubber.

Chemical Property: a colorless, volatile oily liquid with a pungent odor. Soluble in water, ethanol, ether and chloroform.

Uses: Mainly used in the manufacture of insecticides DDT, Trichlorphon, Dichlorvos and herbicide Chloral urea, used in medicine for the production of chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline and so on.

Uses: Chloral is one of the basic organic synthetic raw materials and an important intermediate for the production of pesticides and medicines. In pesticides, it can be used to synthesize organophosphorus pesticides Trichlorphon, Dichlorvos, organochlorine insecticides DDT, triclosan (mosquito), acaricide dicofol and pyrethroid intermediate dichloro chrysanthemum ( B) Ester, etc., in addition, it is used in medicine for the production of chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline and hypnotic hydrated Chloride, etc.; it can also be used as an organic raw material for the production of dimethylformamide and chloroform.

Uses: Mainly used in the manufacture of pesticides such as insecticide DDT, Trichlorphon, Dichlorvos, herbicide Chloral urea. It is used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce chloramphenicol, fungicides, hypnotic hydrates, etc., and can also be used as an organic raw material for the production of N,N-dimethylformamide, chloroform and chloroform.

Uses: Mainly used in the manufacture of insecticides DDT, Trichlorphon, Dichlorvos and herbicides Chloral urea, also used in the pharmaceutical industry and organic synthesis.

Category: Corrosive items

Toxicity classification: poisoning

Acute toxicity: abdominal cavity - mouse LD50: 600 mg / kg

Flammability Hazardous Characteristics: Decomposed by heat and toxic and tear gas

Storage and transportation characteristics: the warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; it is stored separately from the H porogen and alkali.

Extinguishing media: sand, foam, water, carbon dioxide

Occupational standard: STEL 5 mg / cubic meter

Security Information

Dangerous goods mark: T, Xn

Hazard Category Code: 23-36/37/38-22

Safety instructions: 26-36/37-45-7/9-28

Dangerous goods transport number: UN 2075 6.1/PG 2

WGK Germany: 3

RTECS number: FM7870000

F: 1-8-9-13

HazardClass: 6.1(a)

PackingGroup: II

Toxic Substances Data : 75-87-6 (Hazardous Substances Data)